The known and proposed interactions of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 with DNA damage response pathways _ZewailCity_ RIMUHC1 SARSCoV2 SARSCoV DNA DNAdamage virus covid coronavirus
By Tarun Sai LomteJul 19 2022Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. In a recent study published in the Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, researchers reviewed the consequences of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses on the host DNA damage response .
Interactions of SARS-CoV-1 proteins with host proteins In one study, researchers identified interactions between the non-structural protein 13 of SARS-CoV-1 and the host polymerase δ, which plays a crucial role in genome replication. They demonstrated an interaction between the polymerase’s p125 subunit and nsp13. nsp13 forms a part of the viral replication and transcription complex, pivotal for viral replication.
Related StoriesResearchers observed increased RCHY1-mediated degradation of the tumor suppressor p53. The targeted p53 degradation could enhance viral replication since p53 acts as an antiviral factor promoting immune response and downregulating viral replication. Interactions between the viral membrane protein and phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 were discovered, albeit the cellular consequences of this interaction remain unclear.
SARS-CoV-2 nsp1 is key to regulating viral replication and increases infectivity by downregulating the antiviral pathways of the host. It has been demonstrated that nsp1 interacts with all subunits of the DNA polymerase α. Because the polymerase is crucial for DNA replication initiation and non-homologous end joining , the authors suggested that nsp1-polymerase α interactions might cause replication stress and defects in NHEJ.
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