Analyzing whether SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and spike proteins stimulate dendritic or γδ T cells tcddublin SARSCoV2 COVID19 Spike DendriticCells
By Shanet Susan AlexJul 18 2022Reviewed by Aimee Molineux In a recent article published in the PLoS ONE journal, researchers showed that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 nucleocapsid and spike proteins did not activate γδ T cells and dendritic cells .
About the study In the present work, the researchers examined the two most prevalent SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins, S and N, providing immunogenic peptides for identification by conventional T cells. This was to determine whether they could trigger human γδ T cell subsets, like Vδ2 and Vδ1 T cells, either directly or in the vicinity of dendritic cells . The team analyzed whether N or S proteins can stimulate cytokine generation by γδ T cells with or without DCs.
Results The study results indicated that SARS-CoV-2 N, S proteins, or peptides matching immunodominant areas of these proteins did not directly stimulate Vδ2 or Vδ1 T cells to generate TNF-α or IFN-γ, either within peripheral blood mononuclear cells or in total γδ T cell cultures. Furthermore, the S, N proteins, or peptide pool mixtures did not specifically induce DC maturation or cytokine generation.
Interestingly, LPS activation of DC resulted in the production of IL-12 and the subsequent activation of Vδ2 and Vδ1 T cells. This inference suggests that DC production of cytokines contributes to the stimulation of γδ T cells and that DC excitation in response to ribonucleic acid sensing could similarly stimulate γδ T cells.
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