What are the biological features, prevention and control strategies against monkeypox? Monkeypox Virus BiologicalFeatures Treatment ControlStrategies
By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaJul 13 2022Reviewed by Aimee Molineux In a recent review published in Virologica Sinica, researchers elucidated the epidemiology and clinical presentation, biological features, pathogenicity and prevention and control strategies for monkeypox virus infections.
Biological features of MPXV MPXV comprises double-stranded and linear deoxyribonucleic acid , with inverted terminal repeats at both ends, and >190 open reading frames . Non-conserved genes situated in ITRs, are host- and poxvirus-specific and confer immune-evasive properties to MPXV. Genes that encode structural proteins and replication enzymes are situated in the central genomic area.
Fewer cases were observed between 1986 and 1992 with no reported cases between 1993 and 1995. However, a sudden spike in human MPX cases was observed from 1996 to 1997 in DRC. Subsequently, MPXV was detected in the United States in 2003, Sudan in 2005, Nigeria in 2006-2007 and by 2022, MPXV spread to the United Kingdom , Singapore, Israel and several other nations.
Clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of MPX MPX usually incubates for one to two weeks and the initial symptoms resemble those of influenza followed by herpetic skin lesions with papules, plaques, blisters, pustules, scab formation and scarring. In the MPX prodromal phase , fatigue, fever, lymphadenopathy, severe headaches and muscle aches are observed. The subsequent phase is characterized by a rash, during which the infected patient is highly contagious.
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