How are your hormones affected by sleep? 🌙 sleep SleepCycle hormones melatonin cortisol healthylifestyle
Sleep and the Circadian SystemSleep and Sex Hormones Many people wonder how the lack of sleep affects their basic metabolism so profoundly.
Sleep and the circadian system Sleep is regulated by the circadian system and the sleep pressure system, the former working to wake the individual and the latter putting the individual to sleep. Sleep pressure is the need to sleep of any organism at a given moment. Both these systems work in parallel and are responsive to the external clock and the organism’s homeostatic processes.
Even more, sleep affects the levels of several hormones. Early studies have established a linkage between sleep and the secretion of key hormones like cortisol, luteinizing hormone , leptin and growth hormone . Conversely, sleeplessness is linked to higher HPA activity throughout the day, with higher cortisol secretion over the latter part of the day, instead of its expected fall. This mimics aging, it is supposed, and leads to insulin resistance. Sleep also reduces the response of the adrenal gland to the action of adrenocorticotropic hormone , again with the diurnal rhythm.
This confirms that night-time sleep inhibits cortisol secretion at first, but is associated with a rise in GH levels – in fact, the nocturnal GH surge is largely during sleep. Sleep deprivation disrupts such associations, for GH at least, and changes the timing of the rise in cortisol. Sleep and metabolic hormones Early sleep causes an increase in ghrelin levels. Sleep disturbances also produce a rise in ghrelin and a fall in leptin levels, causing an increase in appetite and increased insulin resistance, probably because of disturbed GH levels. Conversely, ghrelin increases SWS and reduces REM sleep in males but not females at all ages.
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