Mars Has Bizarre 'Swiss Cheese' Terrain. You can Thank Water, Carbon Dioxide and 500,000 years of Climate History for That By Nancy_A
“Mars experiences 100,000-year cycles in which its poles vary from tilting more toward or away from the Sun, Buhler said,“These variations cause the amount of sunlight shining on each latitude band, and thus the temperature of each band, to cycle, too. Water ice moves from warmer to colder regions during these cycles, driving Mars’ basic long-term global water cycle.”
“This layering is important because it is a direct record of how water and carbon dioxide have moved around on Mars,” Buhler said. “The water layer thicknesses tell us how much water vapor has been in Mars’ atmosphere and how that water vapor has moved around the globe. The carbon dioxide layers tell us the history of how much of the atmosphere froze onto the ground, and thus how thick or thin Mars’ atmosphere was in the past.
“Before this study, the rate at which water moves through this cycle has been highly uncertain,” he said. “This study addresses this open question by deciphering the layered ice record in Mars’ south polar cap.”
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