GenomeBits representation of SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron genome sequences ictpnews SARSCoV2 GenomeBits Delta Omicron Variant
By Tarun Sai LomteJul 13 2022Reviewed by Aimee Molineux In a recent study published in PLoS ONE, researchers uncovered distinct genomic features of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Delta and Omicron variants.
SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants feature common and unique mutations in the spike protein. Previously, the authors described GenomeBits [a statistical algorithm that maps nucleotide bases into a finite alternating sum series of distributed terms of binary values ] and revealed distinct genomic patterns for SARS-CoV-2 Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Epsilon, and Eta variants.
The sequences of the Delta variant from Spain exhibited more significant deviations when queried against Omicron sequences from Spain. Similar variations were noted with Delta sequences from the United States against Omicron sequences from the US. Conventional similarity methods provide limited information on nucleotide bases: adenine , cytosine , thymine , and guanine , and determining the parameters to achieve optimal alignment could be difficult.
In the GenomeBits representation, the authors observed that the curves of Delta sequences mirrored those of Omicron sequences. This became more prominent when both curves were averaged. The regions of null or constant average values were indicative of perfect mirroring. The technique illustrated and ordered to disordered transition near the non-structural protein -5 polymerase within the open reading frame -1a region up to the part of the spike protein.
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