Atherosclerosis is characterized by the hardening of blood vessels, especially certain arteries, due to the local buildup of fibers and lipids (mainly cholesterol) in the inner wall of an artery, causing it to narrow. It is a complex disease that can trigger life-threatening events, such as myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke.
Despite the severity of this disease, conventional diagnostic protocols lack specificity and fail to predict the type of atherosclerotic lesion or the risk of plaque rupture.
As the CIC biomaGUNE Ikerbasque research professor Jesús Ruiz-Cabello explained,"diagnosing plaque vulnerability remains a challenge due to the lack of effective diagnostic tools. To address this problem, technologies, such as the noninvasive medical imaging of atherosclerotic plaque using customized nanotechnology solutions, are emerging. However, due to the porosity of the plaque, obtaining images using nanoparticles remains a difficult task.
A CIC biomaGUNE team led by Ruiz-Cabello, together with Ikerbasque research professor Susana Carregal –both members of the biomedical research networking center CIBERES–, has developed to achieve the selective molecular imaging of atherosclerotic plaques using ultrasmall amorphous calcium carbonate nanoparticles. Calcium carbonate is a safe, biocompatible material with a long history of use in textiles, cosmetics and foodstuffs.
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