In the coming decade, in 2033, NASA and China intend to send astronauts to Mars for the first time in history.
But of course, there's also the health and safety of the astronauts, who will be spending months traveling through space where they'll be exposed to cosmic radiation and microgravity.
Based on extensive research conducted aboard the International Space Station , microgravity is known to cause muscle and bone density loss and affect organ function, eyesight, and the cardiopulmonary system – the heart and its ability to pump blood through the body's system of arteries and veins.
"When you're on Earth, gravity is pulling fluid to the bottom half of our body, which is why some people find their legs begin to swell up toward the end of the day. The longer they stay in space, the more likely they will collapse when they return to Earth, and the more difficult the process of readjusting to Earth's gravity.
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