The war in Ukraine, skyrocketing energy and food prices, and growing enmity between the West on one hand and Russia and China on the other make for difficult conditions in Egypt at a climate summit of world leaders that requires cooperation and consensus.
But there is some progress. Before Paris, the world was heading for 4.5 degrees Celsius of warming by the end of the century compared to pre-industrial times.
At the same time, rising fossil fuel prices have made renewable energy more competitive. Building solar and wind power plants remains more expensive for developing countries though. To help them cut their emissions quickly, rich nations are negotiating aid projects known as ‘just transition energy partnerships’, or JET-Ps, with several major emerging economies including Indonesia and India that could be finalized during or shortly after COP27.
“I think that people are not expecting miracles in terms of a huge fund just miraculously appearing, but they are expecting a credible, meaningful pathway,” said Inger Andersen, head of the U.N. Environment Programme.This would give countries that have done very little to cause the climate crisis but are on the front line of dealing with it “something to hold on to,” she said.Swedish climate activist Greta Thunberg is not coming to this year’s gathering and recently called the U.N.
University of Maryland social scientist Dana Fisher, who studies the environmental movement, said givenand an escalation of in-your-face tactics by frustrated protestors, especially youth, she would not be surprised if there are clashes.
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