Triassic Titans: New Crocodile Ancestor Discovered in Texas Reveals Secrets of Armor Evolution

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Triassic Titans: New Crocodile Ancestor Discovered in Texas Reveals Secrets of Armor Evolution
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Dinosaurs get all the glory. But aetosaurs, a heavily armored cousin of modern crocodiles, ruled the world before dinosaurs did. These tanks of the Triassic came in a variety of shapes and sizes before going extinct around 200 million years ago. Today, their fossils are found on every continent except Antarctica and Australia.Scientists use the bony plates that make up aetosaur armor to identify different species and usually don’t have many fossil skeletons to work with.

lived about 215 million years ago and resembled a modern American crocodile — but with much more armor.and other aetosaurs are called osteoderms. They were embedded directly in the skin and formed a suit of armor by fitting together like a mosaic. In addition to having a body covered in bony plates,sides were flanked by curved spikes that would have offered another layer of protection from predators.

A hypothetical reconstruction of the aetosaur Garzapelta muelleri, as seen from above, based on fossilized carapace remains in the Texas Tech vertebrate collections. The reconstruction is pictured with examples of its plated and spiked armor in cross-section. Credit: Jeffrey Martzis part of the Texas Tech University fossil collections. It spent most of the past 30 years on a shelf before Reyes encountered it during a visit.

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