Treating the Growing Population of Centenarians

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Treating the Growing Population of Centenarians
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'When we first began, the prevalence of centenarians in the US was about 1 per 10,000 in the population. And now, that prevalence has doubled to 1 per 5000.' MedTwitter

For about the past year, Priya Goel, MD, can be seen cruising around the island of Manhattan as she makes her way between visits to some of New York City's most treasured residents: a small but essential group of patients born before the Empire State Building scraped the sky and the old Yankee Stadium had become the House That Ruth Built.

Goel, who is in her mid-30s and could well be the great-granddaughter of some of her patients ― urged her colleagues not to stereotype patients on the basis of age. "The idea is to have these patients remain in an environment where they're comfortable, in surroundings where they've grown up or lived for many years," she said."A lot of them are in elevator buildings and they are wheelchair-bound or bed-bound and they physically can't leave.""When you go into their home, it's very personal. You're seeing what their daily environment is like, what their diet is like. You can see their food on the counter.

"Infant mortality just plummeted. So, come around 1915, 1920, we were no longer losing a quarter of our population to these diseases. That meant a quarter more of the population could age into adulthood and middle age," he said."A certain component of that group was, therefore, able to continue to age to a very, very old age."

"I think some of that is better environment and health habits in Hong Kong than in the United States," Perls said."I think another piece may be a genetic advantage in East Asians. We're looking into that." "We have to be very cognizant of what we call a typical presentation of disease or illness and that a very subtle change in an older adult can signal a serious infection or illness," Baker said."If your patient has a high fever, that is a potential problem."

Centenarians may be a bit different. Perls said some evidence suggests that the over-100 crowd may have better immune systems than younger people."Part of the trick of getting to 100 is having a pretty good immune system," he said."There is no need at that point for us to try to alter their diet to what we think it might be," Baker said."There's no need to start with diabetic education. They may tell you their secret is a shot of vodka every day.

"In either case, you want to make sure you're not dealing with any underlying infection, like urinary tract infection, or pneumonia brewing, or skin infections," she said."Their skin is so much frailer. You want to make sure there are no bedsores." "I always err on the side of less is more," Goel said."Obviously, if there is something ― if they have a cough, they need an x-ray. That's very basic. We want to take care of that. Give them the antibiotic if they need that. But rushing them in and out of the hospital doesn't add to their quality of life."

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