According to a study recently presented at ESC Congress 2023, middle-aged adults who exhibit three or more risk factors—such as marginally elevated waist circumference, blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose levels—experience heart attacks and strokes approximately two years earlier than individua
“Many people in their 40s and 50s have a bit of fat around the middle and marginally elevated blood pressure, cholesterol, or glucose but feel generally well, are unaware of the risks, and do not seek medical advice,” said study author Dr. Lena Lönnberg of Västmanland County Hospital, Västerås, Sweden. “This scenario, called metabolic syndrome, is a growing problem in Western populations where people are unknowingly storing up problems for later in life.
Individuals were classified as having metabolic syndrome if they had three or more of the following: 1) waist circumference of 102 cm or above for men and 88 cm or above for women, 2) total cholesterol 6.1 mmol/l or above, 3) 130 mmHg or higher systolic blood pressure and/or 85 mm Hg or higher diastolic blood pressure, 4) fastingParticipants with metabolic syndrome were matched for age, sex, and date of health examination to two individuals without metabolic syndrome who served as controls.
Non-fatal cardiovascular events occurred in 1,645 participants with metabolic syndrome and 2,321 controls – corresponding to a 35% greater risk of heart attack and stroke in the metabolic syndrome group. The median time to the first non-fatal heart attack or stroke was 16.8 years in the metabolic syndrome group and 19.1 years in the control group – a 2.3-year difference.
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