They just used a third of the data available from telescopes.
Since the universe began around 13.7 billion years ago, there is much unknown about the time it began and what happened soon after. To get a better understanding of this period of time, researchers at Nagoya University and Tokyo University in Japan, collaborated with the Japanese Astronomical Observatory and Princeton University in the U.S., to use a different source of background light, the microwaves from the Big Bang.
“However, we could look further back into the past because we used the more distant CMB to measure dark matter. For the first time, we were measuring dark matter from almost the earliest moments of the universe.” Preliminary analysis showed that the researchers had sufficient data to determine the distribution of dark matter and were able to detect dark matter from 12 billion years ago. At 1.7 billion years from the Big Bang, these galaxies are still in their cosmic infancy. Around this time, the first galaxy clusters were also beginning to form. Galaxy clusters consist of 100 to 1000 galaxies that are bound by gravity and have large amounts of dark matter.
So far, the group has only analyzed a third of the data available from the HSC. Further analysis, will also include data from Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time , allowing researchers to peer further back in time.We report the first detection of the dark matter distribution around Lyman break galaxies at high redshift through the cosmic microwave background lensing measurements with the public Planck PR3 κ map.
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