The First Light in the Universe Helps Build a Dark Matter Map universetoday storybywill
satellite, which measured the CMB from 2009 to 2013 to map tiny temperature fluctuations. The increasingly accurate maps that resulted have provided insight into the evolution of the cosmos by showing what its initial conditions were.
This latest map has taken that research a step further by using it to measure how the structure of matter has evolved since, 85% of which is Dark Matter. To visualize the presence and distribution of this mysterious mass, the research team examined how its gravity affected the curvature of spacetime between the CMB and Earth. This effectively showed how large collections of mass altered the path its light followed as it traveled for billions of light-years to reach us.
“We have mapped the invisible dark matter distribution across the sky, and it is just as our theories predict. This is stunning evidence that we understand the story of how structure in our universe formed over billions of years, from just after the Big Bang to today. Remarkably, 80% of the mass in the universe is invisible. By mapping the dark matter distribution across the sky to the largest distances, our ACT lensing measurements allow us to clearly see this invisible world.
A simple checkerboard pattern representing the CMB warped by intervening mass to create the distorted image on the right . Credit: Lucy Reading-Ikkanda/Simons Foundation, the Reese Flower Professor of Astronomy at the University of Pennsylvania and the deputy director of ACT, was one of a handful of researchers who saw the potential for this experiment back in the early 2000s.
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