Study explores the role of endemic coronaviruses-induced cross-immunity in protection against severe COVID-19 PNASNews kpnorcal SARSCoV2 COVID19 Coronaviruses EndemicCoronaviruses
By Neha MathurJul 29 2022Reviewed by Aimee Molineux In a recent study published in PNAS, researchers investigated whether prior exposure to coronaviruses induces cross-reactive immunity that protects adults from severe coronavirus disease 2019 .
About the study In the present study, researchers leveraged data from integrated health care information systems, which link records of adults with their children to find evidence of cross-immunity in a large population sample. Based upon a COVID-19 propensity score and risk factors for severe COVID-19, they matched the study cohort of adults with children in the age group of zero to five years to adults with children six to 11 years , 12–18 years , and those without children in a 1:1 ratio.
The team calculated crude event rates and incidence rates per 100 person-years for each study outcome. Notably, they used two approaches to calculate the incidence rates for the study outcomes reflecting severe COVID-19 illness , as follows: i) as a proportion of all the members within the study subgroup, and 2) as a proportion of positive COVID-19 cases within the study subgroup.
While body mass index was similar across all study groups, severe COVID-19 risk factors, such as hypertension and diabetes, were higher among patients with older children. The propensity-matched study samples reflected 50% and 30% of the study population for Comparators 1 and 2, respectively. However, they reflected 95% of the study population for Comparator group 3.
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