NASA and SpaceX are collaborating on the Starship Human Landing System for lunar missions. After successful engine tests under extreme conditions, the next step is an integrated flight test of Starship and Super Heavy. NASA is working with SpaceX to develop its Starship human landing system (HLS)
Illustration of SpaceX Starship human lander design that will carry the first NASA astronauts to the surface of the Moon under the Artemis program. Credit: SpaceXare collaborating on the Starship Human Landing System for lunar missions. After successful engine tests under extreme conditions, the next step is an integrated flight test of Starship and Super Heavy.Artemis III
and Artemis IV missions to land American astronauts near the South Pole of the Moon. The Starship HLS will be powered by two variants of the company’s Raptor engines—one optimized to operate in atmospheric pressure at sea-level and one optimized to operate in space, or in a vacuum, where there is no atmosphere.
Test of a Raptor Vacuum engine chilled to mimic conditions after a long coast period in space. Credit: SpaceX Last month, SpaceX demonstrated a vacuum-optimized Raptor’s performance through a test that successfully confirmed the engine can be started in the extreme cold conditions resulting from extended time in space.
The 281-second throttle test demonstrated the engine’s ability to meet the demands of a descent burn to the lunar surface. Credit: SpaceXin November 2021 was also an engine test, demonstrating Raptor’s capability to perform a critical phase of landing on the Moon. In a 281-second-long test firing, Raptor demonstrated the powered descent portion of the mission, when the Starship HLS leaves its orbit over the lunar surface and begins its descent to the Moon’s surface to land.
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