In a new study, researchers from the Faculty of Science of Charles University, in collaboration with researchers from Max-Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology and European Molecular Biology Laboratory from Heidelberg, have delved into the intricate partnership between anaerobic amoebae from the genus Pelomyxa and their prokaryotic companions. Pelomyxa, known for their unique symbiotic relationships with multiple prokaryotic endosymbionts, has long mystified scientists regarding the role these symbionts play in their host's metabolism.
and transcriptomics, the research team has unraveled the hidden secrets of the prokaryotic community thriving inside Pelomyxa schiedti. This symbiotic consortium is comprised of two distinct bacteria, Candidatus Syntrophus pelomyxae and Candidatus Vesiculincola pelomyxae , along with a methanogen known as Candidatus Methanoregula pelomyxae.within the host amoeba.
An in-depth analysis of the genomes and transcriptomes of these symbiotic partners revealed their metabolic strategies. The cellulolytic activity of Pelomyxa schiedti is expected to produce simple sugars that serve as fuel for both its own metabolism and Candidatus Vesiculincola pelomyxae. On the other hand, the energy metabolism of Candidatus Syntrophus pelomyxae's relies on the degradation of butyrate and isovalerate from the environment.
Notably, both bacteria and the amoeba employed hydrogenases to facilitate the transfer of electrons, a process dependent on low hydrogen partial pressure. This crucial regulation was achieved by Candidatus Methanoregula pelomyxae, which utilized H
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