While both protect from severe disease, inactivated SARS-CoV-2 and spike mRNA COVID-19 vaccines trigger different T-cell responses. Although the total magnitude of the T-cell responses induced by mRNA and inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are comparable, the similarity ends there. This is according
A new study reveals key differences in immune responses from inactivated SARS-CoV-2 and spike mRNA COVID-19 vaccines.vaccines trigger different T-cell responses.
“Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were used extensively in Asia, but are often considered inferior due to their induction of a lower antibody response compared to other types of vaccines,” said Dr. Anthony Tanoto Tan, senior co-author of the study. “This means that they might not have been as good at preventing infection, but several studies have shown that they are highly capable of thwarting the development of severe COVID-19.
“This combination of membrane, nucleoprotein, and spike-specific T-cell response is quantitatively comparable to the sole spike T-cell response induced by the mRNA vaccine. It also effectively tolerates the mutations characterizing the Omicron lineage,” said Ms. Joey Lim Ming Er, first author of the study and a second-year student PhD with the Integrated Biology and Medicine PhD track at Duke-NUS.
Senior author of the study Professor Antonio Bertoletti from Duke-NUS’ EID Program said: “The Omicron variant can effectively evade antibody neutralization, moving the evaluation of vaccination efficacy away from preventing infection and towards ameliorating disease. T cells are likely to play a more important role in this compared to antibodies, due to their ability to target virus-infected cells.
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