It could create bulletproof windows that's 20 to 100 times tougher than current versions.
In 2013, Tian and his team created the world's hardest material that's visible to the naked eye, a boron nitride crystal that is twice as hard as diamond at 200 GPa.
Though the yellowish AM-III isn't about to replace diamonds as a highly sought after material for jewelry, the researchers say that the hardness of the material means that it could be used to create a bulletproof window that's 20 to 100 times tougher than some versions that are currently commercially available.Before that can happen, however, the team has to conduct more tests on its material, which is also a semiconductor with an efficiency near that of silicon.
In order to create the material, Tian and his colleagues ramped up the pressure in an experimental chamber to 25 GPa and temperatures of 1,200 degrees Celsius . They used a material called fullerene, a football-shaped allotrope of carbon, which would typically turn into diamond under such conditions. However, they really gradually ramped up the heat and then equally slowly cooled down the material, leading to the desired results.Technically speaking, AM-III is a glass with crystals inside, according to Tian. The material's atoms are disordered enough to enable semiconductivity while also having sections where the atoms are aligned, giving the material its toughness.
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