In a large cohort of older adults with T2D, those with the highest intake of UPF and beverages were more likely to die of all causes or CVD within a decade than those with the lowest intake — independent of adherence to a healthy Mediterranean diet.
in 20 patients who were instructed to eat as much or as little as they wanted, people ate more and gained weight during 2 weeks of a diet high in UPF, compared with 2 weeks of an unprocessed diet matched for presented calories, carbohydrate, sugar, fat, sodium, and fiber.
High intake of UPF, they add, may exacerbate health risks in people with type 2 diabetes, who are already at higher risk of premature mortality, mainly due to diabetes-related complications. The researchers analyzed data from a subset of patients in the Moli-sani study of environmental and genetic factors underlying disease, which enrolled 24,325 individuals aged 35 and older who lived in Molise, in central-southern Italy, in 2005-2010.
The current analysis included 1065 participants in Moli-sani who had type 2 diabetes at baseline and completed a food frequency questionnaire by which participants reported their consumption of 188 foods and beverages in the previous 12 months.Most UPF intake was from processed meat , crispbread/rusks , nonhomemade pizza , and cakes, pies, pastries, and puddings .
Researchers categorized foods and beverages into four groups with increasing degrees of processing, based on the
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