NREL Researchers Plot Energy Storage Under Our Feet, Oil and Gas Wells No Longer in Use Could Be the Answer --Storage Under Our Feet
Augustine said the next step involves setting up a pilot project to bring computer modeling into the real world. Beyond that remains the issue of transmission lines.
The number of active horizontal wells has jumped from about 9,000 in 2000 to more than a quarter-million in 2017. Using compressed air as energy storage requires additional steps, including cooling the air after the compression stage and preheating it before releasing it. Projects using compressed air also can take years to build and cost hundreds of millions of dollars. By taking advantage of existing wells, a pilot site that uses natural gas can be installed for a few million dollars within months, the scientists estimated.
The technology, dubbed REFRAES , relies on a four-phase process. In the first step, the gas is injected into the reservoir at a constant flowing bottomhole pressure to store energy. The well is then shut in so that the gas cannot escape. Next, the gas is produced from the reservoir at a constant pressure to generate electricity. Finally, there is a recovery period during which the well is again shut in.In the short term, the process can provide six hours of electricity.
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