Scientists identify key differences in immune responses to the AstraZeneca and Pfizer vaccines. A recent study conducted by a team from SAHMRI and Flinders University in Australia has revealed significant variations in the way the AstraZeneca and Pfizer COVID-19 vaccines affect the immune system. T
A recent Australian study discovered fundamental differences in immune responses between the AstraZeneca and Pfizer COVID-19 vaccines. The AstraZeneca vaccine elicited an unexpected memory-like response, potentially explaining its rare association with blood clotting, while the Pfizer vaccine induced stronger B and T cell activity. Booster doses, particularly mRNA ones, were found to be crucial for enhancing immune responses.
“This response is targeted against the adenovirus vector in the vaccine, not the Spike protein and the intensity of this response correlates with the expression of proteins that act as a pre-cursor to thrombosis, or blood clotting.
The reasons for this variability are not well understood, but Professor Lynn says age is a factor, with older people generally having a lower immune response after two doses. Fortunately, a third booster dose was highly effective at overcoming this. Immune responses induced immediately after vaccination predicted the subsequent B and T cell response to the vaccine measured a month later.
“People who showed symptoms of fatigue and fever immediately after the third dose were more likely to have better T-cell responses. T-cells play a vital role in vaccine efficacy as they can directly kill viral cells,” Professor Lynn said.
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