Researchers compiled the “unknome” to identify understudied but potentially important genes.
Munro and colleagues used the database to study 260 genes that are shared between fruit flies and humans and that have low knownness scores. After dialing down the activity of each of the protein-encoding genes in the flies, the researchers found that about 60 were essential for life. Others were important for reproduction, growth, movement and resilience against stress.
“Even in really well-studied [organisms] like flies, there are new things to be found,” says Munro, of the Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, England. Whether some or all of those genes have similar effects in humans is still unknown. But the database could help researchers tease out important human proteins by quickly screening similar proteins in more easily studied organisms like fruit flies, says data scientist Tudor Oprea of Expert Systems Inc., a drug discovery company in San Diego, who was not involved in the study.for a large-scale study of these mysterious proteins.
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