It's a key step in mapping the organ where our thoughts, movements and emotions originate.
Scientists now have a census of the cells in the human brain — a key step in creating a detailed map of the organ where our thoughts, movements and emotions originate.
They also identified new cell types in the brain's cerebral cortex — the region that is key to memory, language and other essential functions. "We were a bit surprised ... it probably reflects how complex the brain stem is in terms of its circuitry and composition," says Kimberly Siletti, a postdoctoral researcher at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm and co-author of the study describing the cell types.Other scientists compared the cell types in humans, chimpanzees and other species. They found they surprisingly share all of the same cell types.
But there were differences in the proportions of cell types and the researchers found a few hundred genes that were active in humans and not in chimpanzees. The expression of those genes seems to be involved in the wiring of the neurons, suggesting that is a key difference between humans and chimpanzees.Mice are often used to study human diseases but they can be limited for modeling neurologic diseases.
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