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in 1869, which is basically a chemist's box of Lego, scientists have been discovering the chemicals that helped define the modern world.including electrons and protons. All chemical compounds are made of two or more atoms. Although it's possible there are undiscovered elements left to find,It would probably take a chemist about a year to make one compound and there are 6,903 two-atom compounds in theory.
Some chemists spend their entire careers trying to make compounds that, according to the chemistry rulebook, shouldn't exist. Sometimes they are successful. There are two main ways to do this. One is taking a known compound and changing it a bit – by adding, deleting or swapping some atoms. Another is taking a known chemical reaction and using new starting materials. This is when the method of creation is the same but the products may be quite different. Both of these methods are ways of searching for known unknowns.
That's important because part of penicillin's structure contains atoms arranged in a square, which is an unusual chemical arrangement that few chemists would guess, and is difficult to make.
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