Research shows high-intensity exercise suppresses appetite by lowering ghrelin levels, with distinct responses observed between male and female participants.
By Priyanjana Pramanik, MSc.Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc.Oct 28 2024 Vigorous exercise suppresses hunger more effectively than moderate activity, particularly in females.
Background Ghrelin is a hormone primarily produced in the stomach, though other parts of the body also release it in small amounts. First isolated in 1999, it is often called the ‘hunger hormone’ and binds to the growth hormone receptor. It was initially known for stimulating the release of the growth hormone GHSR1a, but other functions have been discovered, including the regulation of appetite, energy, glucose, sleep, immune function, and memory.
Current studies have focused on moderate intensity exercise and study populations of healthy young men, but the effects on women may be influenced by estrogen. Identifying the optimal intensity of exercise could support weight management plans for men and women. They fasted and refrained from tobacco, caffeine, alcohol, and intense activity before measurement sessions. After a screening process where body fat, peak oxygen consumption, and lactate threshold were determined, participants took part in three sessions: a control where they did not exercise, a session of moderate exercise at the lactate threshold, and a high-intensity session at 75% between their lactate threshold and peak oxygen consumption.
Total ghrelin levels were significantly lower in high-intensity exercise than in moderate-intensity or control, decreasing over time, particularly between 40 and 180 minutes after exercise sessions. Total ghrelin was lowest for women during high-intensity exercise and lower than for men.
Hormone Blood Endocrine Ghrelin Glucose Growth Hormone Obesity Oxygen Receptor Research Sleep Stomach
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