Monarchs' whitespots shown to aid migration universityofga PLOSONE
]. For each image we used the program’s magic wand tool to trace the outline of the right forewing, and then calculated the area, in pixels, of the wing using QIA menu selections. Next, we traced the outlines of all marginal spots on the same forewing , regardless of their color , and calculated the collective area, in pixels, of these spots. From these two numbers, we obtained the relative size of all marginal spots for each specimen, to use in analyses, below.
The second goal was to understand how marginal wing spot size varies among different species or subspecies of Danaid butterflies. The spot size data were normally-distributed, based on visual inspection of a histogram. We examined variation within these data using an ANOVA model, where the relative marginal spot size was the response, and species was the predictor.
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