If extreme temperatures continue, the southern yellow-billed hornbill will become extinct in the hottest parts of its range by 2027
. Mr Pattinson noted that heat-related mass die-offs that occur over just a few days are increasingly being recorded, and these pose a deeply worrying threat to population persistence and to ecosystem function. But what is happening to desert-dwelling birds over time frames that are longer than a few days?
Thus, Mr Pattinson and his collaborators investigated the impact of climate change on hornbill breeding success over a 10 year period. The southern yellow-billed hornbill is an ideal species for these studies because it breeds during the hottest time of the year in the Kalahari Desert, and some of the links between temperature and its behavior and physiology are already fairly well understood.
“During the monitoring period, sub-lethal effects of high temperatures reduced the chance of hornbills breeding successfully or even breeding at all”, Mr Pattinson explained in email. But the birds in this study exclusively nested wood boxes, which tend to be warmer than natural tree cavities. Was this a problem?
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