Exploring the connection between Parkinson's disease and gut microbiota to uncover potential therapeutic targets Parkinsons disease gut microbiome microbiome
By Dr. Priyom Bose, Ph.D.Jul 15 2022Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. One of the most common neurodegenerative diseases affecting more than 10 million individuals worldwide is Parkinson's disease . A PD patient experiences rigidity, tremor, and bradykinesia, along with gastrointestinal dysfunction , psychological and behavioral problems, and cognitive impairment.
In the last two decades, rapid advancements in high-throughput technology have helped to understand the composition, number, and functional properties of intestinal bacteria. Homeostasis of gut bacteria is essential to maintain the host’s health. Previous studies have shown that gut microbiota changes in the host in accordance with their age, diet, and exercise.
Related StoriesScientists have reported a significant difference in gut microbiota in PD patients and healthy individuals. Genomic studies have shown intestinal microbiome diversity in PD patients is poor compared to healthy controls. In PD patients, an abundance of bacteria belonging to the Clostridiales family and genus Peptoniphilus was found, and a very low prevalence of genera Faecalibacterium and Fusicatenibacter were observed.
Some common pathogens, e.g., Proteus mirabilis, E. coli, and Bacteroides fragilis, produce LPS, a neurotoxin. These neurotoxins are released rapidly with aging and systemically induce inflammatory pathologies and PDs. Some of the common bacteria associated with PD are Helicobacter pyroli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Proteus mirabilis. Additionally, bacteria belonging to the family Bifidobacteriaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Verrucomicrobiaceae, and Christensenellaceae are associated with PD.
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