Generative AI such as the ChatGPT app has gotten a huge backlash that students will readily now be able to cheat when writing essays and that we are doomed accordingly. We take a close look, considering both AI Ethics and AI Law considerations on this weighty concern.
You likely already know something about copyrights and what is known as Intellectual Property . Someone that has a copyrighted story is supposed to retain various legal rights associated with that story. They do not have a completely ironclad all-encompassing semblance of legal rights. There are exclusions and exceptions.
When it comes to essays, this can be trickier. The obvious instances are when whole sentences and paragraphs are word-for-word identical. We can all see that. But when the wording differs with a modicum of differences, we get into gray areas. Not so fast. You can argue it isn’t cheating. The student has recrafted the source material. If a comparison between the AI app-produced essay and the student-refined version is a big enough difference, we would say that the student wrote the essay. Admittedly, they used other material in doing so, but can’t you say the same if they used an encyclopedia or some other source? This student deserves an “A” grade for having composed an essay via their own wits .
This could cycle around, such that someone produces output from generative AI, which gets posted on the Internet, and then some other generative AI comes along and uses this in its training of producing akin works.All this talk about the badness of generative AI when it comes to student cheating is perhaps clouding our minds, some exhort.Maybe teachers ought to consider purposely having students use generative AI as part of the learning process on how to write essays..
A recent research paper proposes this very point: “The authors of this paper believe that AI can be used to overcome three barriers to learning in the classroom: improving transfer, breaking the illusion of explanatory depth, and training students to critically evaluate explanations” You might know of these techniques as being a form of watermarking. Just as in the olden days there were attempts to watermark paper-based materials and other non-digitized content, we have gradually seen the rise of digital watermarks.
A student uses generative AI to produce the assigned essay about Lincoln. The student takes it directly from the AI app and emails it to the teacher. Turns out that the student waited until the last moment and was up against the published deadline. No time to review the essay. Just send it and hope for the best.
As noted, there is a designated amount of randomness as to which words will be placed next into the essay that is being derived by the ChatGPT app. That also explains the earlier point made that each essay is likely to be somewhat different even if on the same topic. A purposeful use of a random selection approach that is within particular bounds is running under the hood during the essay generation.
Now, if the detector is openly available to just anyone, you would have “overachieving” student cheaters that would simply run their essays into the detector and make a series of changes until the detector indicated a low probability that the essay was derived by the generative AI. More of the cat-and-mouse. Presumably, the detector has to be kept tightly protected by password usage, or some other means or methods of dealing with cryptographic approaches are needed .
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