Geomagnetic field protects Earth from electron showers tohoku_univ
In the present study, we ignored the effect of the electric field on the motion of electrons, as given by . We ignored the perpendicular electric field corresponding to the convection electric field, because the time scale of the simulation is tens of msec, and therefore, the effect of the convection motion can be negligible in the present results.
We used the spatially one-dimensional profiles of the neutral composition based on the MSIS-E-90 atmosphere model, so the horizontally uniform atmosphere was used. Since the time scale of the precipitation is tens of msec, the horizontal motion of energetic electrons can be negligible.
We developed a simulation code for the motion of energetic electrons with the mirror force acting on the precipitating electrons, which enables us to solve the variation of the pitch angle of the electrons during their precipitation. We also employ a module computing the altitude distribution of the collision rate by precipitating energetic electrons in the polar ionosphere.
The simulation results showed that the influence of the mirror force on the altitude profile of collision rate is significant for electrons with a high initial pitch angle, corresponding to the pitch angle close to the loss cone. The effect of the mirror force results in the broadening of the altitude profile of the collision rate upward due to the reflection of mirroring electrons.
We revealed that the pitch angle dependence of the collision rate due to the mirror force alters the maximum collision rate in the altitude range lower than 100 km one order of magnitude smaller if electrons in the kinetic energy range larger than tens of keV precipitate with the pitch angle close to the loss cone. The results of the present study emphasize the importance of the mirror force for the precise modeling of ionospheric response due to the energetic electron precipitation.
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