People who visit emergency departments for substance use are at a higher risk of developing schizophrenia, according to new research.
Activate your Online Access NowThe findings come at a time when some Ottawa mental health specialists say they are seeing a “striking increase” in patients presenting with significant psychiatric issues that appear to be related to cannabis use, part of a trend seen widely across the province. Across Ontario, annual rates of cannabis-induced psychosis increased by 220.7 per cent between 2014 and 2021.
The risk factors for being diagnosed with schizophrenia are higher for cannabis than other substances, according to the study, although amphetamine use is a risk factor as well. Individuals treated in emergency for amphetamine use without psychosis had a 3.7 per cent risk of being diagnosed with schizophrenia within three years — more than 28 per cent higher than the general population.
The strong links between cannabis-induced psychosis in young men and schizophrenia follow a sharp increase in emergency room visits for cannabis-induced psychosis in Ontario in recent years. According to the survey, 21 per cent of those between 16 and 19 and 29 per cent of those between 20 and 24 used cannabis at least five days a week.“The high risk of cannabis use, particularly for young men, has important implications for public education and policies given global trends of increasing cannabis use and interest in the legalization of cannabis,” Myran said.
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