The 3,400-year-old ruins on the former banks of the Tigris River are providing new insights into the history of the Mitanni Empire.
The archaeological site of Kemune, where the sunken city was found, in the dried-up area of Iraq's Mosul reservoir. In January of this year, prolonged drought caused the waterline in Iraq’s Mosul reservoir to sink to the lowest level since the dam’s construction in 1986. As the water sank, the 3,400-year-old ruins of an ancient city became visible along the former banks of the Tigris River. Less than two months later, the ruins were once again submerged.
For six weeks, the team of archaeologists and photographers worked to unearth more and more of the city. They worked ten hours or more a day, rarely took days off and weathered two thunderstorms and a hailstorm. “It was exhausting,” Puljiz says. “But it was worth it.”, which reigned in parts of present-day Iraq, Syria and Turkey from 1550 to 1350 B.C. The palace may have been the centerpiece of a Mitanni city and economic center called Zakhiku, which is mentioned in ancient texts.
The excavation has also uncovered new insights into the history of the Mitanni Empire — and its eventual decline. Around 1350 B.C., an earthquake struck the region, collapsing the upper walls and burying much of the city in debris. Soon after the earthquake, the Mitanni Empire became embroiled inthat resulted in the region coming under Assyrian rule. The upper layers of the ruins date back to these early years of Assyrian occupation.
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