For the first time, researchers compared schizophrenia and frontotemporal dementia, two conditions that affect the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain. Rarely do researchers in basic science revisit more than 120-year-old findings that appear to be obsolete. This was even a drive for research
This was his definition of young individuals who retreat from reality and enter an irreversible, dementia-like condition. Kraepelin lived to see his theory refuted. By the early twentieth century, doctors were starting to adopt the name “schizophrenia” for these people, since the disease did not always follow such a bad course.
With an international team, Koutsouleris and Schroeter used artificial intelligence to train neuroanatomical classifiers of both disorders, which they applied to brain data from different cohorts. The result, recently published in the prestigious journal, was that 41 percent of schizophrenia patients met the classifier’s criteria for bvFTD. “When we saw this in schizophrenic patients as well, it rang a bell – indicating a similarity between the two disorders,” Koutsouleris and Schroeter recall.
When the researchers also checked the correlations in high-risk patients such as the 23-year-old, they found confirmation at the neuroanatomical level of what Kraepelin had been the first to decisively describe: no improvement whatsoever in the condition of some patients, quite the opposite.
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