Canada's Unique Approach to Indexing Tax Brackets to Inflation

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Canada's Unique Approach to Indexing Tax Brackets to Inflation
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Tax system not built to keep up with inflation — and it's hurting some Canadians more than others

All five federal income tax brackets for 2023 were indexed to inflation using the 6.3-per-cent rate. This makes Canada pretty unique. The C.D. Howe report notes that a recent survey of 160 countries revealed that 131 of them do not index tax thresholds so they rise with inflation. In fact, only nine countries, Canada among them, have legislation or regulations in place mandating automatic periodic adjustments in line with inflation.

While most credits and some deductions, such as the basic personal amount, spouse amount, age amount, etc. are also indexed to inflation, others are not. For example, the authors note that the maximum dollar limits under the, although raised periodically since the deduction was first introduced back in 1972, are not adjusted for inflation. The maximum amount of child-care expenses that can be claimed per child under seven years old is currently $8,000.

On the corporate side, the small business deduction, which is available to private corporations , provides small businesses with a lower federal and provincial corporate tax rate on the first $500,000 of net income. This $500,000 threshold hasn’t been changed since 2009, meaning its real value has been cut by more than a quarter.Article content

has not changed since the establishment of the GST back in 1991. After more than 30 years, inflation has cut its real value almost in half. And, each year, as inflation further erodes the threshold, more businesses must register and collect GST. Notwithstanding the potential benefits of registering to claim input tax credits, the falling real value of the registration threshold creates administrative and compliance costs for many small businesses who may otherwise choose not to register.

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