Bank of Canada Interest Rate Decision Looms Amid Uncertainty and Mixed Signals

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Bank of Canada Interest Rate Decision Looms Amid Uncertainty and Mixed Signals
BANK OF CANADAINTEREST RATESECONOMY
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Economists anticipate a 25 basis-point cut, but trade tariffs and mixed economic data complicate the Bank of Canada's decision. The central bank will announce its next rate on January 29th.

The Bank of Canada is set to announce its next interest rate decision on Wednesday, January 29th, marking the first of eight planned announcements for 2025. While economists largely predicted a 25 basis-point cut, several factors are complicating the central bank's decision. These include lingering uncertainty surrounding trade tariffs, a mixed bag of economic indicators, and the current state of inflation. \The Bank's current policy rate stands at 3.25%, the lowest level in over two years.

This follows eight announcements in 2024, where the Bank lowered rates five times, including two consecutive 50 basis-point reductions. Economists at TD Bank maintain their December forecast, anticipating a 25 basis-point cut this week that would bring the policy rate down to 3%. This prediction is supported by Leslie Preston, a TD economist, who points to December's Consumer Price Index (CPI) figures. While headline CPI rose by 1.8% year-over-year, down from 1.9% in November, core inflation, a key metric for the BoC, climbed to 2.5%, exceeding the Bank's target. \Preston acknowledges that the recent dip in headline inflation, partly driven by tax cuts, could be temporary. She warns that ongoing core inflation pressures suggest inflation readings might increase in the coming months, potentially prompting the BoC to adopt a more gradual approach to interest rate cuts throughout 2025. Maria Solovieva, another TD economist, reinforces this view, emphasizing that the Bank's upcoming Monetary Policy Report will provide crucial insights into how they are incorporating trade risks into their outlook. Meanwhile, RBC economists Nathan Janzen and Claire Fan anticipate a more gradual 25 basis-point pace for the BoC this week, widening the gap with U.S. policy rates as the Federal Reserve is expected to hold steady in January. They argue that Canada's weaker economy has demanded earlier and more aggressive rate cuts compared to other advanced economies, but highlight that the current rate of 3.25% is still near the top end of the BoC's estimated neutral range. \Despite mixed recent GDP and inflation data, Janzen and Fan believe the softening labor market necessitates further rate cuts to stimulate economic recovery and prevent inflation from undershooting the 2% target. However, they acknowledge the uncertainty surrounding potential tariff shocks, which can have both inflationary and deflationary effects. The BoC's response to this complex environment remains unclear, with potential implications for sectors like housing that could mitigate the need for further rate cuts. \The Bank of Canada faces a delicate balancing act as it navigates these economic headwinds. The consensus among economists seems to lean towards a cautious approach, further lowering rates gradually while carefully monitoring the impact of trade tensions and the evolving economic landscape

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