High-temperature flames are essential for producing numerous materials. However, controlling a fire and its interaction with the intended material can be challenging. Scientists have now developed a method that employs a molecule-thin protective layer to control how the flame’s heat interacts with t
he material – taming the fire and allowing users to finely tune the characteristics of the processed material.
Here’s how ITD works. You start out with your target material, such as a cellulose fiber. That fiber is then coated with a nanometer-thick layer of molecules. The coated fibers are then exposed to an intense flame. The outer surface of the molecules combusts easily, raising the temperature in the immediate vicinity. But the inner surface of the molecular coating chemically changes, creating an even thinner layer of glass around the cellulose fibers.
“We can engineer the protective layer in order to tune the amount of oxygen that reaches the target material. And we can engineer the target material in order to produce desirable characteristics.” The researchers could control the thickness of the carbon tube walls by controlling the size of the cellulose fibers they started with; by introducing various salts to the fibers ; and by varying the amount of oxygen that passes through the protective layer.
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