A New Twist in Brain Science: A Proteasome Particle’s Unforeseen Function in Synapses — Darwin's evolutionary theo |
New research has discovered that the 19S proteasome particle, typically associated with protein degradation in the brain, can function independently in synapses, regulating key synaptic proteins and enabling synapses to adapt to different circumstances.
The answer appears to be yes for the central protein-decomposition apparatus in the brain. When located at synapses, it reveals a previously unseen mechanism enabling synapses to adapt to varying situations. “What we realized was that 19S is not only a partner of 20S. It also works alone as an independent regulator for many key synaptic proteins. This revealed a whole new dimension to our understanding of protein function at synapses,” explains Chao Sun, Associate Professor, and lead author of the article.
“Usually, if the cell makes excess copies of one protein component, it needs to get rid of these excess copies. Because cells do not like to have extra proteins lying around when they can’t find partners to enable protein function. We call them ‘orphan proteins’. But in this case, it seems like the synapses are making use of these free 19S particles and adapting them to fulfill alternative functions in the synapses,” Chao Sun explains.
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