It will be the most extreme test of Einstein's General Relativity ever. And we already have the data.
. But next year, something new and unprecedented is going to happen: we're going to image a black hole's event horizon for the first time. The data is already in hand; the rest is just a matter of time.
Black holes can inspiral and merge, causing them to emit detectable gravitational waves for a brief amount of time. This is only possible to detect with the new science of gravitational wave astronomy.... [+] The orientation of the accretion disk as either face-on or edge-on can vastly alter how the black hole appears to us.
The reason the technology has been a limiting factor is resolution. The size that a black hole appears to be is proportional to its mass, but inversely proportional to its distance from us. To see the largest black hole from our perspective — Sagittarius A*, the one at the center of the Milky Way — requires a telescope approximately the size of planet Earth.... [+]
in three views here. Despite its mass of 6.6 billion Suns, it is over 2000 times farther away than Sagittarius A*. It may or may not be resolvable by the EHT, but if the Universe is kind, we'll get an image, after all. Europa, which is invisible in this infrared image. GMT will provide significantly enhanced resolution and imaging.The key to making the Event Horizon Telescope work, then, is to make sure we gather enough light to see the shadow cast by the black hole's event horizon, while successfully imaging the light coming from around and behind it.
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